Please go to the library for class on Monday, 2/8/2016! Do NOT go to the regular classroom. Turn right as you enter the main library entrance and walk towards the cafe. You will see me there near the cafe. I will direct you to the room we will be using.
Create a working definition of the term intertextuality. Apply the definition you have created by delivering a short analysis of a text associated with the research project you are doing for this class. The best analyses will explore and expound upon Porter's ideas by showing how and why intertext works and functions in the text you have selected.
Quality
High (A and A- grades)
Your contributions to each topic indicate your mastery of the materials assigned. Your responses might integrate multiple views and/or show value as a seed for reflection for other participants' responses to the thread. You provide evidence that you are reading the assigned materials and other student postings and are responding accordingly, bringing out interesting interpretations. You know the claims being presented and are able to analyze them and handle conceptual ideas.Examples of high quality posts include:
- continuing the discussion by adding additional information;
- elaborating on previous comments from others;
- presenting explanations of concepts or methods to help fellow students;
- presenting reasons for or against a topic in a persuasive fashion;
- sharing personal experiences that relate to the topic; and
- providing a URL and an explanation for an area you researched on the Internet.
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ReplyDeleteIntertextuality is the concept that all texts are actually interconnected, wether directly cited or not, they all influence and build off of each other. For my research idea involving jazz music, one notable intertextual text being utilized is "Jazz Styles" by Mark C. Gridley. In this text, Gridley uses plenty of direct citation of interviews from famous jazz musicians, reputable texts focused on music, and actual songs to better develop his argument. This text even includes hand written documents, to which it draws upon to better elaborate on the styles and techniques of jazz music. But other than direct citation, this text also utilizes a concept emphasized by Porter, which is intertextual presupposition. "Presupposition refers to assumptions a text makes about its referent, its readers, and its context..." (Porter 35). In "Jazz Styles", Gridley uses plenty of analogies to put musical theoretical concept into recognizable actions of modern society. By using these analogies, the text is making an assumption that the audience will understand and relate to these analogies.
ReplyDeleteDylan, you make some great points in your post. I like how you differentiate presupposition from iterability and give examples from one of your chosen articles. I think these two forms of intertextuality could be easily confused, but you seem to have accurately recognize both. In my post, I initially made the mistake of assuming an allusion that was made was a presupposition, when really it was an example of iterability.
DeletePorter discusses the concept of intertextuality and using it to gain credibility within a discourse community. In order to do this, a writer must have a solid understanding of the environment he is writing into and be “qualified” so his text will be accepted. Intertextuality works by combining outside texts and citing them in an original work. These overlapping ideas contribute to a better delivery. This can either be a direct citation or a subliminal reference that readers pick up on. In my research for the role of traditional gender roles in relationships, I found an article about how recent studies prove traditional gender roles bring greatest happiness by Andrew Rogers. In it, there are many instances of direct intertextuality, as seen in the citation of articles from the New York Times, The American Sociological Review, surveys from the National Survey of Families and Households, and a study from Springer Link. A closer look reveals the author subscribes to the common rules of writing within this discourse community. For instance, at the bottom of the article, Roger’s credentials are stated (ethos). Also, it is clear that he has done his research on this discourse topic because he has looked into other studies that have been published (by directly citing them). Furthermore, the audience directs this discourse because if there wasn’t a problem initially, Rogers would not be researching and writing about it. I think Roger did a poor job in incorporating these other texts, which resulted in him losing the genuine creativity aspect Porter talks about. For this reason, he might be excluded from the community and even lose credibility. Nonetheless, multiple aspects of intertextuality are seen at play in this article.
ReplyDeleteI like how you drew from Porter that you can use intertextuality to gain credibility with your paper. When we are writing our papers it is important for us to keep this idea in the back of our heads that by continuing the conversation, we need to show what roots there are to prior works. I found it interesting that you saw the piece you read as losing credibility. I think a lot of people don't realize that constantly direct citing works into your paper can sometimes have a negative impact. I agree with what you said in how it takes away from the creativity of a writer and also prevents a writer from bringing their own perspective into the conversation. Anyone can copy and paste something another writer said but in order to build upon the conversation you will have to analyze and reflect on what they are saying.
DeletePorter stated that intertextuality provides rhetoric with an important perspective. Studying intertextuality, brings us to look at context from where the text came from, along with the sources. This leads us away from just analyzing the intention of the writer, and leads us to analyze the social context. Text is based off of other texts, and a writer’s writing, is based on the writing, of another writer. The same way that Thomas Jefferson borrowed the ideas which helped him to write the Declaration of Independence, Hanjoon Michael Jung borrowed ideas which helped him to write Information Manipulation Through the Media. The idea that technology has evolved so rapidly that we are not able to predict what effect it will have on us is an idea that had been previously brought up. However, Jung elaborated on this idea and made it into his own. He used this idea to propose new questions as well. Porter also mentioned a headline from New York Times in which the phrase “two of them women” was used. This phrased was used because in the 1970’s society did not expect women to be killed in battles. Social context plays a large role in intertextuality, as well as in my research study. My research study is based on the manipulation of media, and how details are changed/added because of social context. In addition to this, intertextuality also plays a large role in our method of learning and researching. Throughout the process of investigating data for our research study, we must keep in mind intertextuality and the fact that we are “borrowing traces” of previous claims, and elaborating on ideas.
ReplyDeleteDeborah, I really enjoyed reading your response. Your examples of the use of intertextuality like the Declaration of Independence were really good. I liked how you ended your response with the idea that we have to keep in mind while writing our research paper that we're going to be reading so many articles and writings that probably have a lot of "borrowed information". Every piece of writing or speech is connected so it is more than likely that we are reading a collection of others ideas and statements put into one piece of writing.
DeleteIntertextuality has to do with the relationship between two different texts usually of a similar discourse. It deals with looking at a particular text and being able to pick out what has been taken from other texts to form this one. A writer uses this tool by citing references or using terms/phrases that the audience will be able to relate to other texts. One of the texts I have chosen to examine in my research on concussions through sports is titled “Solving Football’s Concussion Problem” by Dan Polnero. Throughout the article it is evident that Polnero has done his research on the topic at hand as he cites from multiple sources various statistics of concussion cases. Two of the studies he examined were referenced at the bottom of his article where I noticed they both had been published in the Journal of Biomechanics. The method of citing the works of what these other writers had done is an example of Porter’s idea of citation being a common method when discussing intertextuality. Being a part of the same discourse community will influence more intertextuality and similarities in logos as Porter discussed. In this paper Polnero used a lot of language that may require someone not familiar with football terminology to be confused or lost. I think this can be placed in the iterability category of intertextuality that Polnero discussed when not only can use direct cite phrases, but also use unannounced sources and influences, clichés, phrases in the air, and traditions.
ReplyDeleteJustin, I also noticed the use of intertextuality that you mentioned in my sources as well. I am researching the affects that communication disorders have on a children's social life which means I have to read a lot of articles and studies on different speech disorders and I have come across many repetitive statements. I have also seen a lot of articles that have the citations of where they got their information and it just makes me think of how many other times people have used those same citations in their own papers or research.
DeletePorter describes intertextuality when he says books contain "traces" of other books. Therefore intertextuality is the notion that we understand concepts based on what people have already said. My research project is studying the effects of phone usage and social media on young adult's relationships. Every article I have found for my topic is about advanced relationship analysis, thus, I have to have background knowledge about relationships already defined in my mind. The authors of these journals and articles are "experts" in their fields and are qualified in their respective discourse communities, which creates an environment where I can fully understand the information. Porter believes that students should be taught to write for a discourse community rather than be original. If students can write for a discourse community, they can change the way the community thinks.
ReplyDeleteI like how you made the comment about having to have a previous definition of relationships to talk about your topic accurately. Although I understood the definition of presuppositions I did not really think about that idea.
Delete“The principle that all writing and speech derive from a single network.”
ReplyDeleteUsing intertextuality allows the focus to be shifted away from the writer and the reader then can focus on why the writer chose the specific texts to place in their paper. Not only why but also how does it contribute to their overall question. I enjoyed Porter’s idea that no matter whether its intentional or not, all texts contain other texts which allow us to in fact possess some insight when reading. “Not so in-frequently books speak to books” (286), this implies that indeed other books actually add to the singular book itself and reinforce the idea that one text can nurture the text of another. The more porter explains intertextuality, the more he uses examples of other’s works. Thomas Jefferson is a great example because it gives you an interesting point of view of what a timeless writer is actually like. His ability to write well with the use of other sources made his writing that much more effortless to read and relate to. Using intertext within my research paper will be crucial. I picked a topic that requires large amounts of scientific research in order to understand the development of abnormal cell growth within any tissue of the body. Doing more research and narrowing it down to blood cell, soft tissue cells, or other muscular cells may help me focus in on which academic articles to pursue analyzing. The intertext I will use will not only help my reader understand my question better but it will also validate my argument and give my research more substance.
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DeleteIntertextuality is the concept that all writing has been derived from others before it. If you use intertextuality while you research or write an inquiry based paper, you will find that the paper will have much more depth to it, and the literary level of your paper will be very high. This is because intertextuality involves going further than surface-level research, and makes you find out about why, and how that writer wrote what they wrote. My research question asks how wealth inequality in the United States has fueled modern racial tensions. One of my sources is by Leith Mullings, and she reviews and tells her account about the book How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America and Beyond. This source is a perfect example of intertextuality because it is Mullings’ perception of a different piece of writing. I feel like this can greatly enhance my paper, because I am getting a different point of view about the same situation with two sources. This also shows that my research question is very relevant, because the book was written in the 1980’s, and Mulling recently wrote about it. I will also be getting the point of view of two time periods. In Porter’s analysis of intertextuality, he says it is important to not only go with original thought but to include what the “discourse communities” thoughts are and analyze them yourself, and then your thoughts can also contribute to that communities research.
ReplyDeleteKatherine, you nailed your definition of intertextuality. The way you worded it really puts emphasis on the fact that new ideas are constantly evolving from previous texts. You make a good point when you say that it has more depth to it because intertextuality really is the combination of multiple texts. I think intertextuality almost works as a think tank in that it is a combination of ideas that build off of each other in order to make a greater point. I would advise being cautious in how you use the information you gain from the book because, like you said, it is the view point of two different generations. While this could give you valuable insight into the economy of the 1980s compared to today, it could also provide outdated information if you use the material in the wrong context. Other than that, I think it's great that you are looking into what other discourse communities have said and I hope you come up with some great analysis!
DeletePorter approaches intertextuality with saying that every text us associated with another in some way or another. It also means that we recognize concepts affiliated with things that we already know or have seen. My research study is about how much Hollywood has the effect on our political views. When finding research about this topic I have noticed that there’s a bunch of statements based off of one statistic. This is an example of intertextuality because it is one source that has many branches of information coming from it. Credibility is a role tat plays into intertextuality because if the information is not credible than people will find another source that is credible and use that. When writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson gathered information from others to help him write it. Text can be either a iterability or presupposition. Iterability refers to the citation, or textual fragments in the text. Presupposition is where it doesn’t say it directly but it is implied. Intertextuality will help readers understand what they are reading and it will credit what is being said or implied.
ReplyDeleteI completely agree with your point about credibility. Without it people will move on to the next one as they say. I find it particularly interesting that you mention this considering what your topic for research is. There are so many journalist and news reporter half of which are extremely credible and half that seem to pull info out of their ass. It leaves me thinking how many people are sitting at home believing what some of these fools are saying and how is that going to impact the progression of this country as a whole.
DeleteI hadn't thought a lot about credibility playing a role in intertextuality. Credibility in news stories is also an issue that relates to my research topic. Journalists are supposed to be 100% honest, but because of their audience, this sometimes does not happen. Constraints, which is another topic that Porter brought up, plays a huge role in what the media shares. Intertextuality does help people understand what they're reading and help them to credit their facts, but this is not an obvious point that could have come from Porter's article.
DeleteJames Porter asserts in his article that the theory of intertextuality develops from the idea that all texts are interdependent and are associated with what is regarded as “the web of meaning.” Simply, intertextuality refers to the belief that all writing is formed from already formed writing. For instance, Porter cites that The Declaration of Independence, commonly considered a document written by Thomas Jefferson, actually has several traces from other prominent writers such as John Locke and George Mason. Also analyzed to be found in the Declaration were traces from a Massachusetts Council declaration and a First Continental Congress resolution.
ReplyDeleteFor my research proposal on the perceptions of firefighters, I have found an article that was generated by the International Association of Fire Chiefs (IAFC). At the bottom of the article, titled “Taking Responsibility for a Positive Public Perception”, it can be noted that the work was composed by thirteen qualified fire chiefs. These credentials provide the article with a sense of ethos, also mentioned by Porter in his article. Also, it shows the collaboration of several authors working together, intertwining their experience and intelligence to create a new original text through intertextuality.
Your definition of intertextuality was on point. It was really easy for me to understand what you were saying and I liked your references to the specific writers that Thomas Jefferson borrowed ideas from in the Declaration of Independence. You made a good point about the fire chiefs using their experiences to intertwine their knowledge to make one article, but you could also add that each of their contributions to the article could be examples of intertextuality in play because they probably learned a lot of what their knowledge is from the ideas and experiences of others before them.
DeleteCale,
DeleteIt sounds like you really have a clear idea of the definition of intertexuality and Porter's take on it. Before I knew what intertextuality was I most likely would not have looked into a source like the one from IAFC that you found, and found out that it was composed by thirteen fire chiefs. This is crucial to how you interpret the information in the reading and really makes all the difference. I don't remember exactly what your research proposal question was, but intertextuality will play a crucial role when analyzing your sources, because there probably won't be many scholarly articles directly speaking about how people feel about firefighters, so you will need to dig further and find the meaning and reason behind people's words.
Intertextuality is the idea that no written work is original because everything stems from something previously written or spoken. In his article, James Porter expands on the concept of intertext, stating that “examining texts “intertextually” means looking for “traces”” (34). At the end of the article, he notes the importance of writing within a discourse community to gain credibility; He suggests gathering ideas from others and not only relying on one’s own ideologies. One of the sources I chose for my research proposal contains both types of intertextuality Porter categorizes: iterability and presupposition. University of Minnesota students, Krista Soria and Michael Stebleton, conducted a study examining motivating factors for students regarding their choice of college major. In their article, they use interability when they make a direct reference to the self-determination theory and how intrinsic and extrinsic motivation play into deciding a major. The self-determination theory was already established by psychologists several years ago and therefore, it is used as an allusion. Every direct quote and paraphrase also constitutes as interability. The use of presupposition is shown in the study itself. The authors are presupposing that the audience identifies the difficulties a student may face when deciding a college major. Although it is not directly stated, it can be assumed by the readers. Intertext is not only evident in my chosen article, but almost anything one comes across.
ReplyDeleteI like your definition of intertextuality. I think it is very accurate and easy to understand. Your description of how your article uses both presupposition and iterability. your description helps to better understand the definition of intertextuality.
DeleteThe concept of intertextuality states that all text is derived from previous text. Specifically, Porter describes a writer’s text as a part of the whole community, rather than romanticizing the individualistic creativity. He goes on to say that writers are constrained to the predispositions of the discourse community, molded by social factors and restrictions. In “‘I daresay I might find it embarrassing’: general practitioners’ perspectives on discussing sexual health issues with lesbian and gay patients,” the biases of a large percentage of physicians is under question. Our society currently faces discrimination against groups of people based on sexual orientation, gender, and ethnicity among others. The article discusses the differences in treatment given to heterosexual versus homosexual patients. Doctors felt more uncomfortable speaking about sexual health in terms of homosexual relationships, due to lack of knowledge in the subject matter as well personal biases. The purpose of this study is to acknowledge the problem and find solutions that result in everyone receiving proper healthcare. As Porter says, this individual study is “part of a community search for truth and meaning.”
ReplyDeleteYou have a very interesting research topic and the article that you mentioned seems as though it is also very interesting. The topic is creative and original and directly correlates to the idea of constraints. Constraints play a large role in any type of rhetoric, but previously, I never thought about doctor patient conversations and the amount of constraints that are involved.
DeleteTo me, intertextuality is the same idea as research inquiry but a tad bit more specific. It is a combination of other texts used to create a new text that gives back to its discourse community, generally speaking. More specifically it is not only repeating what other writings have said/wrote but making assumptions of other writings in one’s own writing. In my research about depression I came across an article that discussed the opinions of some people believing that it might be most helpful to deal with depression alone. The author and conductor of that research included material from previous studies in the same particular area of research and came to the conclusion that while yes there are people out in the world that believe that it is better to deal with depression by one’s self, that number of people is slowly and steadily declining. Reinforcing the overall goal of his research to which was to bring that number down to zero. Also through connections made with others text he was able to identify several reasons for lack of treatment and was able to use that information to conduct more studies of his own. This is the idea of intertextuality at its finest, using a combination iterability and presupposition all at once.
ReplyDeleteJorm, Anthony F., Claire M. Kelly, Annemarie Wright, Ruth A. Parslow, Meredith G. Harris, and Patrick D. Mcgorry. "Belief in Dealing with Depression Alone: Results from Community Surveys of Adolescents and Adults." Journal of Affective Disorders 96.1-2 (2006): 59-65. Web.
I like your definition of intertextuality about how it is a combination of other texts used to create a new text that gives back to its discourse community. You also did a good job of explaining how the article about depression utilized intertextuality, and how it used a combination of iterability and presupposition.
DeleteIntertextuality is the idea that no texts are completely original. Writers use information learned from things they have read or ideas that have been presented to them in order to form new ideas; no idea is completely new, but a result of all the information someone has learned throughout their lives. Porter used the example of the Declaration of Independence by explaining that Thomas Jefferson’s ideas in the Declaration of Independence weren’t original, but borrowed from different works and philosophers that came before him.
ReplyDeleteMy research question is asking the extent to which your mind can play a role in recovery from an injury or sickness. In an article written by Joe walker, a personal trainer of professional athletes, he stated that “Current research indicates that it may be possible to accelerate the recovery process with specific mental skills and techniques such as imagery and self-hypnosis.” The reference to “Current research” alludes to the fact that he didn’t know this on his own, but knows it because he read this and was able to borrow information to use add to his argument. Walker also uses information about physical health and healing throughout the article that he has acquired from studying and learning from the work of people who came before him.
I love your research topic. It is something that I focus on daily in order to push myself to get better each day. Intertextuality doesn't always have to be specific texts into other works. It can be ideas of another person's going into your text as well. Therefor I like to raise the question, are original ideas actually original? What do you perceive about mental toughness in conjunction with injury recovery? Have you experienced having to go through long recoveries that demand a strong mental demeanor?
DeleteJames Porter defines intertextuality as the principle that all writing and speech arise from a single network. Basically, all writing and speech are interconnected and none of it is truly original. Porter discusses how there are two distinguishable types of intertextuality. These two types are iterability and presupposition. Iterability has to do with how repeatable textual fragments are, and presupposition refers to the assumptions a text makes about things such as content. My research proposal involves studying how living on or off campus affects college students. One article I viewed studied changes in eating and physical activity behaviors across seven semesters of college. The article and study are written and conducted by multiple people, and all of their knowledge is combined into one article. This creates strong intertextuality, since multiple people are using their sources to create one article. Intertextuality allows readers to avoid solely focusing on the writer, but also the sources and context where they get their information.
ReplyDeleteBradley, I agree with your definition of intertextuality being that all writing and speeches are derived from a single network. I also like how you simplified the definitions of iterability and presupposition and made it easier to understand for the common reader. Similar to your article, I also found an article that was composed of several qualified members of their respected discourse community. Pooling their knowledge and experience in the community not only increases the credibility of the article, but also reinforces the concept of intertextuality.
DeleteIntertextuality is the theory that all texts contain other texts therefore no text is original. Porter says in his text that essentially, “All writing and speech arise from a single network.” This use of other texts in a text may not be purposeful but based on influences and clichés, which is known as iterability. There is also Presuppositions which are assumptions about readers and a texts context. Porter talks about the Declaration of Independence as a reference and how people think the declaration of independence was written by Thomas Jefferson but actually Jefferson used quotes and ideas from texts of the time as well as having multiple people edit his writing which makes it not truly his. For my research on how divorce effects children I am using the article “Positive Effects of Parental Divorce on Undergraduates” by Caitlin Halligan, I. Joyce Chang and David Knox. The fact that there are 3 authors automatically shows that the text is not specifically one person’s work but all 3 of them have ideas influenced by the other and then put into the text. Their ideas could have iterability due to the influences on each person and their influence on others. The article gets its information by giving out a questionnaire. This is an example of the community working together to solve an issue and by using the questionnaire the information in the article is from an outside source, technically from the text of each of the people filling out the questionnaire. Therefore this article is definitely not it’s own but based upon other previous texts.
ReplyDeleteCierra, your definition of intertextuality is great, especially your claim about how no text is truly original. The point Porter makes about Jefferson really being the true author of the Declaration of Independence is a valid argument. I used to blindly agree that Jefferson was the true author, simply because he wrote everything down. After reading this article however, I think Jefferson was simply good at juxtaposing information of his time period. Applying this example to our class is surprisingly easy. Jefferson was good at researching the discourse communities he wanted to write in. However, it seems like Porter's claim is trying to belittle Jefferson in a way, saying that he was just copying the ideas of his time instead of analyzing/ building off of them to create new ideas. I think the notion that text and new ideas are truly original is an inherently faulty claim, since texts are all interconnected.
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ReplyDeleteIntertextuality is the principle that we only understand texts as much as we understand the texts precursors. Porter says," texts refer to other texts and in fact rely on them for their meaning." By this I believe he means every text written must have come from building knowledge from reading another text. My inquiry question about marijuana perception is the U.S. is tough to discuss on without reading articles on this. Using the principle of intertextuality I am building knowledge on the subject by reading as many articles as possible on the subject. To be fully knowledgeable and engaged on the subject this is critical. For example, reading articles on what surrounding state think about recreational use being legalized can help me develop good information on the subject. Intertextuality is very important in creating a good text.
ReplyDeleteI like how you related your definition of intertextuality to your research inquiry. Due to the fact that your project is about a highly controversial issue, Porter's description of the effects discourse community has on text especially applies to you. Society's perception of marijuana definitely has a hand in each of the studies conducted on this issue. It could be beneficial to you to use certain biases to amplify and strengthen your argument.
DeleteIntertextuality is the concept that all texts are connected some way or another to other texts. What I mean is, No texts are fully original, no matter how original they seem. Even though it may not be cited directly, almost all forms of texts get their information from other pieces of text. I am doing my project on E-sports, so i decided to use a book that was written by a professional gamer in the early years of e-sports. He draws from experiences of all players and their texts, as well as his own experiences, and cultivated it into something that is informative and entertaining.
ReplyDeleteIntertextuality is a concept which basically states that all texts are derivative of previous texts and they all share a common lineage. Such a concept is basically reliant on the fact that no one text is entirely original in itself, and all have some bits of information from previously written texts. For example, Porter noted that the Declaration of Independence was mostly credited towards Thomas Jefferson, when not all of it was his original ideas and work. As such, my inquiry research on the perception of bitcoin as a crypto-currency and how law enforcement can regulate it will rely heavily on outside sources for information. I will need to review current, credible information pertaining to bitcoin and organize it into my paper. Given this, my paper will need to contain a fair amount of intertextuality in order to be credible.
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